短期负载预测（STLF）在电力交易市场的运营中起着重要作用。考虑到对数据隐私的日益关注，在最近的研究中，越来越多地采用了联合学习（FL）来培训公用事业公司（UCS）的STLF模型。令人鼓舞的是，在批发市场中，由于发电厂（PPS）直接访问UCS数据并不现实，因此FL绝对是可行的解决方案，可以为PPS获得准确的STLF模型。但是，由于FL的分布性质和UC之间的激烈竞争，缺陷越来越多，导致STLF模型的性能差，表明仅采用FL是不够的。在本文中，我们提出了一种DRL辅助方法，缺陷感知的联合软性参与者 - 批评者（DearFSAC），以稳健地训练PPS的准确的STLF模型，以预测精确的短期公用事业需求。首先。我们仅使用历史负载数据和时间数据设计了基于长期短期内存（LSTM）的STLF模型。此外，考虑到缺陷发生的不确定性，采用了深入的增强学习（DRL）算法来通过减轻缺陷引起的模型退化来协助FL。此外，为了更快的FL训练融合，自动编码器设计用于缩小尺寸和上载模型的质量评估。在模拟中，我们在2019年验证了赫尔辛基UCS的真实数据的方法。结果表明，无论是否发生缺陷，DearFSAC都比所有其他方法都胜过所有其他方法。

重叠的言语日期始终被视为多标签分类问题。在本文中，通过使用电源集编码多扬声器标签，我们将此任务重新格式化为单个标签预测问题。具体地，我们提出了扬声器嵌入感知的神经日复日复速节（发送）方法，其根据语音特征和给定扬声器嵌入的相似性预测电力集编码标签。我们的方法通过利用之前的文献中未能很好地研究，进一步扩展并与下游任务集成在一起。实验结果表明，我们的方法达到了比目标扬声器语音活动检测更低的日益缓释误差率。当涉及文本信息时，可以进一步降低日复速度误差。对于真正的会议场景，与基于贝叶斯隐马尔可夫模型的聚类算法相比，我们的方法可以实现相对改进34.11％。

Massively multi-task learning with large language models has recently made substantial progress on few-shot generalization. However, this is usually performed in a centralized learning fashion, ignoring the privacy sensitivity issue of (annotated) data used in multiple tasks. To mitigate this issue, we propose FewFedWeight, a few-shot federated learning framework across multiple tasks, to achieve the best of both worlds: privacy preservation and cross-task generalization. FewFedWeight trains client models in isolated devices without sharing data. It broadcasts the global model in the server to each client and produces pseudo data for clients so that knowledge from the global model can be explored to enhance few-shot learning of each client model. An energy-based algorithm is further proposed to weight pseudo samples in order to reduce the negative impact of noise from the generated pseudo data. Adaptive model weights of client models are also tuned according to their performance. We use these model weights to dynamically aggregate client models to update the global model. Experiments on 118 NLP tasks show that FewFedWeight can significantly improve the performance of client models on 61% tasks with an average performance improvement rate of 30.5% over the baseline and substantially outperform FedAvg and other decentralized learning methods.

Knowledge distillation (KD) has been widely used for model compression and knowledge transfer. Typically, a big teacher model trained on sufficient data transfers knowledge to a small student model. However, despite the success of KD, little effort has been made to study whether KD leaks the training data of the teacher model. In this paper, we experimentally reveal that KD suffers from the risk of privacy leakage. To alleviate this issue, we propose a novel knowledge distillation method, swing distillation, which can effectively protect the private information of the teacher model from flowing to the student model. In our framework, the temperature coefficient is dynamically and adaptively adjusted according to the degree of private information contained in the data, rather than a predefined constant hyperparameter. It assigns different temperatures to tokens according to the likelihood that a token in a position contains private information. In addition, we inject noise into soft targets provided to the student model, in order to avoid unshielded knowledge transfer. Experiments on multiple datasets and tasks demonstrate that the proposed swing distillation can significantly reduce (by over 80% in terms of canary exposure) the risk of privacy leakage in comparison to KD with competitive or better performance. Furthermore, swing distillation is robust against the increasing privacy budget.

财务时间序列仿真是一个核心主题，因为它扩展了有限的实际数据，用于培训和评估交易策略。由于真实财务数据的复杂统计特性，这也是一项挑战。我们介绍了两个生成的对抗网络（GAN），该网络利用引起注意的卷积网络和变压器进行财务时间序列模拟。甘斯以数据驱动的方式学习统计属性，注意机制有助于复制远程依赖性。在标准普尔500指数和期权数据上测试了所提出的gan，根据风格化的事实对分数进行了检查，并与纯卷积GAN（即Quantangan）进行了比较。基于注意力的甘斯不仅重现了风格化的事实，而且还要平滑回报的自相关。

近年来，文本引导的图像操纵在多媒体和计算机视觉社区中获得了越来越多的关注。条件图像生成的输入已从图像 - 仅推向多模。在本文中，我们研究一个设置，允许用户使用复杂的文本指令编辑具有多个对象的图像以添加，删除或更改对象。任务的输入是多模式，包括（1）参考图像和（2）自然语言的指令，其描述对图像的期望修改。我们提出了一种基于GaN的方法来解决这个问题。关键的想法是将文本视为神经运算符，以在本地修改图像功能。我们表明，拟议的模型对三个公共数据集的最近强大的基线进行了有利的。具体地，它产生更高保真度和语义相关性的图像，并且当用作图像查询时，导致更好的检索性能。

This paper focuses on designing efficient models with low parameters and FLOPs for dense predictions. Even though CNN-based lightweight methods have achieved stunning results after years of research, trading-off model accuracy and constrained resources still need further improvements. This work rethinks the essential unity of efficient Inverted Residual Block in MobileNetv2 and effective Transformer in ViT, inductively abstracting a general concept of Meta-Mobile Block, and we argue that the specific instantiation is very important to model performance though sharing the same framework. Motivated by this phenomenon, we deduce a simple yet efficient modern \textbf{I}nverted \textbf{R}esidual \textbf{M}obile \textbf{B}lock (iRMB) for mobile applications, which absorbs CNN-like efficiency to model short-distance dependency and Transformer-like dynamic modeling capability to learn long-distance interactions. Furthermore, we design a ResNet-like 4-phase \textbf{E}fficient \textbf{MO}del (EMO) based only on a series of iRMBs for dense applications. Massive experiments on ImageNet-1K, COCO2017, and ADE20K benchmarks demonstrate the superiority of our EMO over state-of-the-art methods, \eg, our EMO-1M/2M/5M achieve 71.5, 75.1, and 78.4 Top-1 that surpass \textbf{SoTA} CNN-/Transformer-based models, while trading-off the model accuracy and efficiency well.

Supervised Question Answering systems (QA systems) rely on domain-specific human-labeled data for training. Unsupervised QA systems generate their own question-answer training pairs, typically using secondary knowledge sources to achieve this outcome. Our approach (called PIE-QG) uses Open Information Extraction (OpenIE) to generate synthetic training questions from paraphrased passages and uses the question-answer pairs as training data for a language model for a state-of-the-art QA system based on BERT. Triples in the form of <subject, predicate, object> are extracted from each passage, and questions are formed with subjects (or objects) and predicates while objects (or subjects) are considered as answers. Experimenting on five extractive QA datasets demonstrates that our technique achieves on-par performance with existing state-of-the-art QA systems with the benefit of being trained on an order of magnitude fewer documents and without any recourse to external reference data sources.

Transformer has achieved impressive successes for various computer vision tasks. However, most of existing studies require to pretrain the Transformer backbone on a large-scale labeled dataset (e.g., ImageNet) for achieving satisfactory performance, which is usually unavailable for medical images. Additionally, due to the gap between medical and natural images, the improvement generated by the ImageNet pretrained weights significantly degrades while transferring the weights to medical image processing tasks. In this paper, we propose Bootstrap Own Latent of Transformer (BOLT), a self-supervised learning approach specifically for medical image classification with the Transformer backbone. Our BOLT consists of two networks, namely online and target branches, for self-supervised representation learning. Concretely, the online network is trained to predict the target network representation of the same patch embedding tokens with a different perturbation. To maximally excavate the impact of Transformer from limited medical data, we propose an auxiliary difficulty ranking task. The Transformer is enforced to identify which branch (i.e., online/target) is processing the more difficult perturbed tokens. Overall, the Transformer endeavours itself to distill the transformation-invariant features from the perturbed tokens to simultaneously achieve difficulty measurement and maintain the consistency of self-supervised representations. The proposed BOLT is evaluated on three medical image processing tasks, i.e., skin lesion classification, knee fatigue fracture grading and diabetic retinopathy grading. The experimental results validate the superiority of our BOLT for medical image classification, compared to ImageNet pretrained weights and state-of-the-art self-supervised learning approaches.

Knowledge graph embedding (KGE), which maps entities and relations in a knowledge graph into continuous vector spaces, has achieved great success in predicting missing links in knowledge graphs. However, knowledge graphs often contain incomplete triples that are difficult to inductively infer by KGEs. To address this challenge, we resort to analogical inference and propose a novel and general self-supervised framework AnKGE to enhance KGE models with analogical inference capability. We propose an analogical object retriever that retrieves appropriate analogical objects from entity-level, relation-level, and triple-level. And in AnKGE, we train an analogy function for each level of analogical inference with the original element embedding from a well-trained KGE model as input, which outputs the analogical object embedding. In order to combine inductive inference capability from the original KGE model and analogical inference capability enhanced by AnKGE, we interpolate the analogy score with the base model score and introduce the adaptive weights in the score function for prediction. Through extensive experiments on FB15k-237 and WN18RR datasets, we show that AnKGE achieves competitive results on link prediction task and well performs analogical inference.